扒车喵印度网友向来本国的发展状况非常自信，在海外问答平台Quora上，有印度网友提问道：印度国货可以完全替代中国商品吗？抵制相关产品可行吗？这样做对印度有什么坏处？这个问题引起了各国网友的热议，其中一位来自美国的大学教授和两位海外网友的回答最受关注，他们认为这样做只会导致双输的局面，况且印度还没有这个能力。
问题：印度国货可以完全替代中国商品吗？抵制相关产品可行吗？这样做对印度有什么坏处？
美国经济学家亚当•弗雷德的回答
It is neither realistic nor feasible for the following reasons:
不现实也不可行，原因如下：
1. In a year when India’s deliberate provocation led to extremely tense relations between China and India, China overtook the United States to become India’s largest trading partner, and the trade volume between China and India exceeded US $100 billion, which exceeded the GDP of many countries.
1.就在印度蓄意挑衅导致中印关系异常紧张的这一年，中国超过美国成为印度最大的贸易伙伴，中印之间的贸易额超过1000亿美元，这个数字超过了许多国家的GDP。
2. Of the $100 billion, 65% came from China and the rest from India. Of course, as China is the world’s manufacturing center, China has a larger number and advantage in all aspects.
2.在这1000亿美元中，有65%来自中国，其余来自印度。当然，由于中国是世界制造业中心，因此在各个方面中国的数量都更大，也更占优势。
3. Boycotting Chinese products will lead to large losses for Indian traders, because they need to first purchase raw materials or commodities from China and then sell them in India. If a boycott is launched, the backlog of inventory and loans is enough to bankrupt many Indian enterprises, which means that Indians will destroy their domestic economy and industries, because these businessmen contribute to the Indian economy through tax payment, and millions of workers will have nowhere to make a living.
3.抵制中国产品将导致印度贸易商大量亏损，因为他们需要首先从中国采购原料或商品，然后在印度销售。如果发起抵制的话，积压的库存和贷款足以让诸多印度企业破产，这意味着印度人将毁灭自己国内的经济和产业，因为这些商人通过纳税为印度经济做出贡献，百万工人将无处谋生。
印度的中国商品店
4. There is no reason to resist, just because China supports Pakistan or border friction? That’s childish. If so, China can easily boycott and block all Indian products, because India supports the United States and Japan, which are China’s competitors.
4.没有理由抵制，仅仅因为中国支持巴基斯坦或者边界摩擦？那也太幼稚了。如果真是这样，那么中国也可以轻易地抵制和封锁所有印度产品，因为印度支持美国、日本，它们是中国的竞争对手。
5. The entire smartphone and telecommunication equipment market in India is almost occupied by Chinese multinational corporations, which has created huge income for the Indian economy. If India resists, India will not be able to provide corresponding substitutes in a short time, and the national Internet will be paralyzed and suffer huge losses.
5.印度的整个智能手机和电信设备市场几乎被中国跨国公司占据，这为印度经济体创造了巨大的收入，如果抵制，印度短时间内根本无法提供相应的替代品，全国的互联网将陷入瘫痪，本身将蒙受巨大损失。
6. If you boycott, why only involve Chinese lanterns, fireworks and some painless and itchless mobile phone applications? Wouldn’t it be more effective to resist smartphones from Xiaomi, Lenovo, Gionee, oppo, LETV, oneplus and Lenovo’s laptops? The Indian government will never think of this because countless consumers are crazy about these products.
6.如果抵制，为什么只涉及中国的灯笼、烟花和一些不疼不痒的手机应用？抵制小米、联想、Gionee、Oppo、乐视、OnePlus的智能手机和联想的笔记本电脑不是更具实效吗？印度政府永远不会想到这些，因为国内有无数消费者为这些产品着迷。
热卖的中式灯笼
These companies have begun to invest and set up factories in India, which is the second largest potential market after China. The massive cheap labor force and huge consumer market help them maintain a low-cost and efficient operation mode.
这些公司都开始在印度投资设厂，印度是仅次于中国的第二大潜力市场，海量的廉价劳动力和庞大的消费市场有助于他们保持低成本、高效率的运营模式。
The Indian government has no legitimate reason to resist the legitimate business practices of any country. If you have to resist, then the product must be defective, defective and harmful, otherwise it will be bound by its own cocoon.
印度政府没有任何正当的理由去抵制任何国家正当的商业行为。如果你不得不抵制，那么产品一定是有缺陷的、有缺陷的、有害的，否则，必将作茧自缚。
But the reality is that Chinese products have no defects and no harm. That’s why smartphones and laptops produced by Chinese companies are more popular in India, hurting the enemy and harming yourself. Why resist? The fundamental reason is that the Indian government and Parliament were kidnapped by nationalist sentiment and completely lost their ability to plan and think.
但现实情况是，中国产品没有缺陷，没有危害，这就是为什么中国公司生产的智能手机和笔记本电脑在印度更受欢迎，伤敌一千自损八百，那为什么还要抵制呢？根本原因是印度政府和议会被民族主义情绪绑架了，完全失去了盘算和思考的能力。
It is totally illogical, wrong and unexplainable to resist just because China supports Pakistan or the border dispute.
仅仅因为中国支持巴基斯坦或者边境争端而抵制是完全不合逻辑的、错误的、无法解释的。
印度网友约格什•达姆的回答
At present, in China, some groups are trying to launch a national campaign to incite and prohibit the use of Chinese products on social media. They portrayed this social media movement as a symbol of nationalism and patriotism, and some of our leaders and so-called politicians are also frequently supporting them. What’s more ridiculous is that according to them, not buying China’s daily necessities will hinder the further development and growth of China’s economic giant ship.
目前在我国，一些群体正试图发起一场全国性的运动，在社交媒体上煽动禁止使用中国产品。他们把这场社交媒体运动描绘成民族主义和爱国主义的象征，我们的一些领导人和所谓的政治人物也在频频发声支持他们，更可笑的是，根据他们的说法，不购买中国的日常用品，会阻碍中国这艘经济巨轮进一步发展壮大。
Judging from the close trade ties between China and India, boycott is not feasible. China exports more than $60 billion in goods and services to India every year, while India only exports $11 billion in goods to China. Basically, our trade deficit exceeds $50 billion. From these figures, we can see which country is in the dominant position. We basically export raw materials, and they resell the processed products to us. Now the question comes, why do we need to export raw materials? Can we produce our own goods? The answer is No. under the current circumstances, our industry cannot produce products of the same quality at a lower price than China.
他们认为中国正在用我们的钱支援巴基斯坦，并试图让印度卷入代理战争。可我们必须接受这样一个事实，中国不是唯一支持巴基斯坦的国家，而且他们支持巴基斯坦的经济发展，而不是助长恐怖主义，中巴之间的交流和合作合情合理。中国最近还采取了一些措施，如限制雅鲁藏布江支流的供水、反对印度加入联合国安理会等，这些都助长和强化和激进组织的抵制想法。然而，我们必须承认，中国不仅是我们的主要贸易伙伴，也是我们在国际关系中的主要伙伴，我们正在金砖国家、亚洲开发银行、联合国等国际平台上合作。
Judging from the close trade ties between China and India, boycott is not feasible. China exports more than $60 billion in goods and services to India every year, while India only exports $11 billion in goods to China. Basically, our trade deficit exceeds $50 billion. From these figures, we can see which country is in the dominant position. We basically export raw materials, and they resell the processed products to us. Now the question comes, why do we need to export raw materials? Can we produce our own goods? The answer is No. under the current circumstances, our industry cannot produce products of the same quality at a lower price than China.
从中印之间紧密的贸易联系上看，抵制并不可行。中国每年向印度出口600多亿美元的商品和服务，而印度仅向中国出口110亿美元的商品，基本上，我们的贸易赤字超过500亿美元，从这些数字就可以看出哪个国家处于主导地位。我们基本上是出口原材料，他们把加工过的产品转销我们。现在问题来了，为什么我们需要出口原材料？我们能自己生产商品吗？答案是否定的，在目前的情况下，我们的工业无法以比中国更低的价格生产同样质量的产品。
If we stop buying Chinese products, we will have to make a compromise between price or quality or both. In my opinion, for a worker who earns 150 rupees a day, the quality of Chinese electric lamps purchased at 15 rupees is better than that of Indian electric lamps purchased at 150 rupees. Therefore, we should accept the fact that there is a big gap between our Indian industry and Chinese competitors.
如果我们停止购买中国产品，我们将不得不在价格或质量两者之间做出妥协。在我看来，对于一个每天挣150卢比的工人来说，购买15卢比的中国电灯比价值150卢比的印度电灯的质量更好，因此，要接受我们的印度工业与中国竞争对手差距甚大的事实。
First, we need to focus on improving ourselves rather than opposing Chinese products. For China, India accounts for only a small part of its total trade, while for India, China accounts for 20% of its total trade (India’s largest trading partner). Therefore, to retaliate by banning them or not using their products is not so much to damage their economy as to hinder our own economic development, as a famous proverb says – dig our own grave(अपने पैरों पर कुल्हाड़ी मारना).
首先，我们需要专注于改善自己而不是反对中国产品。对中国来说，印度只占其贸易总额的一小部分，而对印度来说，中国占其贸易总额的20%（印度最大的贸易伙伴）。因此，通过禁止他们或不使用他们的产品进行报复，与其说损害他们的经济不如说是阻碍我们自己的经济发展，正如一句著名的谚语所说——自掘坟墓(अपने पैरों पर कुल्हाड़ी मारना)。
Finally, I can only say that extremism is never a good thing, no matter which side it is. I’m not saying that supporting Indian goods is a bad thing, because it also has some positive aspects. Like the decoration items of Diwali festival, Huli Festival and other festivals, we can buy locally produced products. In this way, it can not only promote the development of relevant domestic industries, but also help to inherit their skills. Why not? This will certainly boost their morale, and they will tend to produce more high-quality products in the near future. In my opinion, the slogan of this campaign should be “a step towards economic sovereignty”, not just “Anti China”.
最后，我只能说极端主义从来都不是好事，不管是哪一方。我并不是说支持印度货是坏事，因为它也有一些积极的方面。像排灯节、胡里节等节日的装饰项目一样，我们可以购买本地生产的产品。如此，既能推动国内相关产业发展，又有利于传承他们的技能，何乐而不为？这肯定会鼓舞他们的士气，而且在不久的将来，他们将倾向于生产更多的优质产品。在我看来，这场运动的口号应该是“迈向经济主权的一步”，而不是仅限于“反华”。
I would like to ask all those who support these groups not to start a revolution against Chinese products, but to start an optimization revolution, strive for better education policies, better skills development plans, better labor laws and land reform, and produce more products with better cost performance, rather than being helpless and crazy when they see the label made in China.
我想请所有支持这些团体的人，不要开始一场反对中国产品的革命，而是开始一场优化革命，争取更好的教育政策、更好的技能发展计划、更好的劳动法和土地改革，多生产一些性价比更好的产品，而不是看到中国制造的标签就无奈和抓狂。
印度网友巴赫曼的回答
As a country, India cannot make up for its huge trade deficit with China. All this can be attributed to China’s relatively strong competitiveness. Just as India has a large trade surplus with Sri Lanka and Bangladesh, India’s competitiveness is stronger than Sri Lanka and Bangladesh, which is irreversible.
作为一个较落后的国家，印度无法弥补与中国的巨额贸易赤字，这一切都归结为中国相对强势的竞争力，就像印度与斯里兰卡和孟加拉国的贸易存在大量顺差一样，印度相对于斯里兰卡和孟加拉国的竞争力较强，这一切都是暂时无法逆转的。
Simple economic analysis shows that we use Chinese products because they are the most competitive, low cost and high quality.
简单的经济学分析表明，我们之所以使用的是中国产品，是因为它们最具竞争力，成本低廉，质量上佳。
If India really starts to boycott Chinese products, we will have to import at a higher cost, or provide more tax incentives or technical incentives to domestic manufacturers, or squeeze the labor force whose income is less than $300 in the worst case.
假设印度真的开始抵制中国产品，那我们将不得不以更高的成本进口，或向国内制造商提供更多的税收优惠或技术激励，或在最坏的情况下压榨收入已经不足300美元的劳动力。
Everyone knows the solution. We need to improve economic competitiveness, cultivate the ecosystem of domestic manufacturing industry and build a complete industrial chain. The special economic zones act of 2005, nmiz, national manufacturing policy, industrial corridor (dmic, etc.) and promoting interstate competition are all steps in the right direction, but the implementation is still a question mark.
每个人都知道解决办法。我们需要提高经济竞争力，培育国内制造业的生态系统，建设完整的产业链。《2005年经济特区法》、NMIZ、国家制造业政策、工业走廊（DMIC等）和促进州际竞争都是朝着正确方向迈出的一步，但实施仍然是一个问号。
Chinese companies are also helping India develop its manufacturing industry. Xiaomi produces mobile phones in India. Haier, Sany Heavy Industry and Shanghai Electric invest here, while Nokia recently closed its factory and fell into a fierce lawsuit.
中国公司也在帮助印度发展制造业，小米在印度生产手机，海尔和三一重工、上海电气在这里投资兴业，而诺基亚却在不久前关闭了工厂，陷入了一场激烈的诉讼。
In terms of business environment, the worst part of India is contract execution (requiring faster justice, more arbitration, etc.) and construction permit (land acquisition, delay, slow bureaucracy). India had better focus on these structural obstacles rather than sudden emotional outburst against an unwarranted opponent.
在营商环境方面，印度最糟糕的部分是合同执行（需要更快的司法、更多的仲裁等）和施工许可（土地征用、延误、缓慢的官僚作风），印度最好将注意力集中在这些结构性障碍上，而不是针对一个莫须有的对手突然情绪爆发。
China has a lot to learn and adapt to. Indians should avoid such childish ideas, because these ideas are not only counterproductive, but also reflect the worrying quality of education in the country.
中国有很多东西需要学习和适应，印度人应该避免这种幼稚的想法，因为这些想法不仅适得其反，而且反映了该国的教育质量堪忧。
