扒车喵中国和古印度作为两大文明古国，相互毗邻，自古以来交往甚密，在美版知乎网站Quora上，印度网友提问道：和印度相比，为什么中国历史和文化要丰富得多？这引起各国网友的围观和热议，他们根据历史和各种文化现象纷纷撰文作答。
问题：和印度相比，为什么中国的历史和文化要丰富得多？
印度网友巴拉吉的回答
There are great cultural differences between China and India. Although I admire China very much, I have to say that Indian civilization has had an important impact on China in history.
中印两国文化差异巨大，尽管我非常钦佩中国，但不得不说，印度文明曾在历史上对中国产生重要影响。
Religion is an indispensable part of Indian daily life. They fear gods, believe in piety, metaphysics and pay attention to religious rituals and traditions.
宗教是印度人日常生活不可缺少的部分，他们敬畏神明、信仰虔诚、形而上学、关注宗教的仪式和传统。
China does not pay attention to these. There are great differences in food culture, music style, language and clothing, not to mention that China is more homogeneous in terms of race and language.
而中国则并不注重这些，两者之间饮食文化迥异，音乐风格大相径庭，语言和衣着服饰更不必说，中国在种族和语言方面更加同质化。
Despite all kinds of differences, cultural exchanges have never been cut off. As Sean Xuande lyabov said, India’s influence on China is huge.
尽管有着种种不同，可文化交流从未断绝，正如肖恩·宣德·利亚博夫所说，印度对中国的影响是巨大的。
The influence of Buddhism on China is well known, but the influence of Hinduism is little known. Behind China’s Hindu temples, there is a forgotten history: Sanskrit stimulates the changes of Chinese characters and makes them more expressive.
佛教对中国的影响众所周知，但印度教的影响却鲜为人知。在中国的印度教寺庙背后，有一段被遗忘的历史：梵语刺激了汉字的变化，使其更具表现力。
During the short Sui Dynasty (581-618), scholars of cultural exchange translated Brahman medicine, Brahman mathematics and Brahman astronomy into Chinese. The Indian Bodhi Lama and Buddha established the Shaolin Temple in Henan Province, from which the Kung Fu of Shaolin Temple spread.
短暂的隋朝（581-618）时期，文化交流学者将梵天医学、梵天数学、梵天天文学等翻译成中文。印度人菩提喇嘛和佛陀在河南建立了少林寺，少林寺的功夫由此流传。
The infatuation with Indian Buddhism is the epic journey of two Buddhist masters, FA Xian and Xuan Zang.
对印度佛教学说的迷恋是法显和玄奘两位佛学宗师进行了史诗般的远行。
As early as 1792, when the Panchen Lama discussed Tibetan Buddhism with Emperor Qianlong, the basis of the two discussions was Indian psychology and cosmology.
早在1792年，当班禅喇嘛与乾隆皇帝讨论藏传佛教事务时，这两位讨论的基础就是印度的哲学和宇宙学。
China’s influence on India is less obvious. Even the tea that Indians like today was brought into this country because of European colonization. However, silk came to India through the silk road. Silk has long been called cinapata by Indians to show its inextricable ties with China.
中国对印度的影响则不那么明显。就连今天印度人喜欢的茶也是因为欧洲人的殖民才得以进入这个国家。但是丝绸是通过丝绸之路来到印度的，丝绸很早就被称印度人称为Cinapata，以显示其与中国千丝万缕的联系。
1. In our Indian scriptures, China is regarded as the main race outside India, such as the Koran and Mahabharata. They play an important role in Hindu and Buddhist legends.
1.在我们印度的经文中，中国被视为印度域外主要种族，如《古兰经》和《摩诃婆罗多》，他们在印度教和佛教传说中扮演着重要角色。
2. During the Ming Dynasty in the 15th century, Chinese ships docked at most ports in India for supplies and cultural and trade exchanges, the most famous of which was the fleet led by Zheng He, who left a large number of Chinese cultural relics. Today, archaeologists regularly study these Chinese cultural relics.
2.15世纪明朝时期，中国船只在印度大部分港口停靠补给并进行文化和贸易交流，其中最有名的是郑和带领的船队，他们遗留下大量中国文物。今天，考古学家会定期研究这些中国文物。
3. Chinese painting influenced Persian painting, which in turn influenced Indian Mughal painting.
3.中国画影响了波斯绘画，而波斯绘画又反过来影响了印度莫卧儿的绘画艺术。
4. China’s gunpowder and other artillery weapons have largely determined the success or failure of many wars in Indian history, which has a great impact on the historical trend of India.
4.中国的火药和其他火炮武器很大程度上决定了印度历史上许多战争的成败，这对印度的历史走向影响重大。
5. The influence of Chinese architectural style can be felt in the Himalayas on the Indian side and Kerala.
5.印度一侧的喜马拉雅山脉以及喀拉拉邦等地都能感受到尖顶瓦屋等受到中国建筑风格的影响。
The above interaction is basically not worth mentioning in the long history. Compared with Japan, South Korea and Vietnam, which are deeply influenced by Chinese culture, the exchanges between China and India are actually relatively limited, which leads to great differences in social culture between the two countries.
以上互动放到历史长河里基本不值一提，相比于日本、韩国和越南深受中国文化的浸染，中印两国的交流其实是比较有限的，这导致两者之间社会文化大为不同。
1. Historically, there is no common border between the population centers of China and India. For thousands of years, the two countries have been separated by thousands of miles of harsh deserts, plateaus, dense forests and high mountains. It is almost impossible to send troops across the Himalayas.
1.历史上，中国和印度人口中心之间没有共同边界。千年来，两国被覆盖数千英里的严酷沙漠、高原、茂密的森林以及高山分隔开来，派遣大军穿越喜马拉雅山几乎不可能。
2. For most of the time in history, these two countries were not such fanatical cultural preachers as Greeks, Persians, Arabs or Western Europeans. Due to their own cultural advantages, they did not think it necessary to influence others.
2.在历史的大部分时间里，这两个国家都不是希腊人、波斯人、阿拉伯人或西欧人那样狂热的文化说教者，由于自身的文化优势，他们认为没有必要去影响他人。
3. The later Ming and Qing Dynasties were also politically isolationist. India was not within their sphere of influence and was not interested in India. Similarly, Indian Muslim rulers were not interested in crossing the Himalayas and annexing other regions.
3.后来的明清王朝在政治上也是孤立主义的，印度不在他们的势力范围之内，对印度也不感兴趣，同样，印度穆斯林统治者也没有兴趣翻过喜马拉雅山脉吞并其他地区。
4. Chinese expatriates mainly poured into Southeast Asia, up to Myanmar, and very few entered India. This may be because some parts of Southeast Asia were tributary countries in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
4.中国的侨民主要涌入东南亚，直至缅甸，进入印度的极少，这可能是因为东南亚部分地区是明清的朝贡国。
印度网友多姆霍尔的回答
I don’t think so. For many reasons, India’s culture is more diverse than that of China. Of course, the most important reason is one of the oldest civilizations in the world. The existence of Indus River Basin civilization, Harappa civilization and mohanjedaro civilization is second only to Mesopotamia in history.
我不这样觉得，由于多种原因，印度的文化比中国更加多样化，最重要的原因当然是世界上最古老的文明之一，印度河流域文明和哈拉帕文明及莫汉杰达罗文明的存在，其历史仅次于美索不达米亚。
Historically, India is not only a popular academic exchange center, but also a trade center. The influence of different cultures in this period was well reflected in the art, culture, architecture, architecture and lifestyle at that time.
历史上，印度本土不仅是一个热门的学术交流中心，也是一个贸易中心。这一时期存在的不同文化的影响在当时的艺术、文化、建筑、建筑和生活方式中都得到了很好的体现。
If we return to ancient India, Aryans came to India from Persia at that time, adding Persian flavor to Indian culture.
如果我们回到古代印度，当时雅利安人从波斯来到印度，为印度文化增添了波斯风味。
Mughals came from the Middle East, and Arab countries came to India through the Khyber Pass. These two groups also left their cultural mark in India.
莫卧儿人来自中东，阿拉伯国家通过开伯尔山口来到印度，这两个种群也在印度留下了他们的文化印记。
Then came the Dutch, French, Portuguese and British, who brought advanced ideas and production tools and transformed Indian culture to some extent.
然后是荷兰人、法国人、葡萄牙人和英国人，他们带来了先进的理念和生产工具，对印度文化进行了某种程度的改造。
In addition to external factors, religious factors are also an important reason for this diversity.
除了外部因素，宗教因素也是造成这种多样性的重要原因。
The branches of India’s own culture and religion, such as Jainism, Buddhism, Christianity, Sikhism and Islam, have added impetus to the growing diversity of Indian civilization.
印度自身文化和宗教的分支，如耆那教、佛教、基督教、锡克教、伊斯兰教，为印度文明日益扩大的多样性增添了动力。
In addition, I would also like to say that the languages of different populations and regions are also the key factor of great diversity.
此外，我还要说，不同种群和地域的语言也是巨大多样性的关键因素。
Climate is also an invisible component, leading to the diversity of eating habits, clothing, construction and lifestyle.
气候也是一个无形的组成部分，导致饮食习惯、衣着、建筑施工、生活方式的多样性。
All these factors are relatively missing in China, so India’s cultural diversity is stronger than China.
所有这些因素在中国都比较缺失，因此印度的文化多样性比中国要强一些。
加拿大网友德翰艾克的回答
Chinese society has not been divided into 100 different groups, nor has it been divided and isolated by the caste system.
中国社会没有被划分为100个不同类别的群体，也没有被种姓制度分裂与隔离。
In my opinion, India has lost more than 1000 years of progress and self-identity, partly due to foreign rule, and the main roots are caste system, endless religion and North-South Division.
在我看来，印度已经失去了1000多年来的进步和自我认同，部分是由于外国统治，而主要根源是种姓制度、无穷无尽的宗教和南北分裂。
Intentioned foreigners took advantage of these things and succeeded in further destroying Indian self-identity. India also has a glorious past, but from about 1100 to 1947, India was constantly ruled by foreigners and unfortunately lost 1000 years of progress opportunities.
不怀好意的外国人利用了这些东西，成功地进一步摧毁了印度人的自我认同。印度也有辉煌的过去，但大约从1100年到1947年，印度不断地被外国人统治，不幸地失去了1000年的进步机会。
I live in Canada. Chinese people can work harmoniously with people from almost all countries in the world. I say with full confidence: Chinese people work very hard, care about their own affairs, and are very productive and creative.
我生活在加拿大，中国人可以和世界上几乎所有国家的人融洽地一起工作，我满怀信心地说：中国人非常努力工作，关心自己的事情，非常有生产力和创造力。
Most Chinese people respect their nation’s past very much and preserve it. Just look at their vast historical materials.
大多数中国人非常尊重自己民族的过往，并将其保存下来，看看他们浩如烟海的史料就知道了。
You can also visit their museums in Shanghai and Beijing. There are a wide range of cultural relics left. You will sigh for their cultural background. They are very proud of their superb skills in architecture, civil engineering and art.
你也可以去参观他们在上海和北京的博物馆，遗留的文物琳琅满目，你会为他们的文化背景而感叹，他们对自己在建筑、土木工程和艺术方面的高超技艺感到无比自豪。
China’s family structure is an umbrella. The elderly are the pillar of family aggregation. The tradition of respecting and loving the elderly has been inherited to this day.
中国的家庭结构一把伞，老人是家庭聚合的支柱，尊老爱老的传统传承至今。
China emphasizes the educational role of the family, which they call parenting. These grandparents and great grandparents constantly pass on their experience and wisdom to the next generation, which is rarely seen in India.
中国强调家庭的教化作用，他们称之为教养，这些祖父母和曾祖父母不断地将经验和智慧传递给下一代，而在印度，这种现象很少看到。
Chinese people have strong cohesion and their society is relatively homogeneous. Only Buddhism, Taoism and Confucianism have the greatest influence in China. The three are also well integrated, with almost no religious contempt, hatred or struggle.
中国人凝聚力很强，他们的社会相对同质，国内宗教只有佛教、道教和儒家影响最大。这三者也很好地融合在一起，几乎没有任何宗教蔑视、仇恨或争斗。
Chinese people are also very pragmatic. They believe in causality and are willing to make good friends. China’s violent crime rate is extremely low and has great respect for women. I believe that through hard work and personal struggle, we can bring a better life to ourselves and our family.
中国人也很务实，他们笃信因果论，乐于广结善缘。中国的暴力犯罪率极低，对女性极其尊重，相信通过努力工作和个人奋斗可以为自己和家庭带来美好的生活。
Chinese people are born with a sponge. Once they see the advantages of other nations or countries, they will not hesitate to adapt for their own use. For example, Buddhism flourished after its introduction. With the passage of time, Buddhism and Taoism perfectly integrated and formed its Chinese identity.
中国人天生就是一块海绵，一旦他们看到了其他民族或国家的优点，就会毫不犹豫地予以变通，为我所用。比如佛教传入后蓬勃发展，随着时间的推移，佛教与道教完美融合，形成了它的中国身份。
The sum of all these unremitting efforts has brought China’s prosperity and security.
所有这些不懈努力的总和带来了中国的繁荣和安全。
For me, China’s success is human progress. If one sixth of human beings live happily, eat well, wear warm clothes, and the crime rate remains at a very low level, I think the gods and Buddhas will be happy to see it.
对我来说，中国的成功是人类的进步，如果六分之一的人类生活快乐，吃得饱穿得暖，犯罪率维持在一个极低地水平，我觉得神佛看到了都会高兴。
Moreover, in the west, despite all kinds of difficulties, overseas Chinese communities always perform best in survival, prosperity and development. In western countries, white people have strong feelings of xenophobia. They want to shut out Chinese, but they can always stick to it and defeat their competitors.
而且在西方，尽管存在种种困难，海外华人社区总是在生存和繁荣发展方面表现最出色的。在西方国家，白人地排外主义情绪浓厚，他们想将华人拒之门外，但他们总是可以坚持下来，并将竞争对手击垮。
I was impressed by one example: a mine in the western United States was completely mined. The white mine owner thought there was nothing in it, so he sold the mine to the local Chinese. The local Chinese took over after exploration and soon dug out gold ore in it.
有一个例子让我印象深刻：有一个位于美国西部的矿井开采殆尽，白人矿主以为里边什么都没有了，于是把矿转卖给了当地华人，当地华人勘探后接了过来，不久就在里边掘出了黄金矿石。
The Chinese don’t want to waste their energy on meaningless things, such as India. Their main targets are the United States, Japan and the top countries in Europe. They hope to learn first and then surpass in every field. What’s terrible is that they have almost achieved it.
中国人不想把精力浪费在没有意义的东西上，比如印度，他们的主要目标是美国、日本和欧洲顶级国家。他们希望在每个领域都能先学后超，可怕的是，他们几乎都实现了。
