扒车喵中印山水相邻，人口众多，同为最大的发展中国家，在美版知乎Quora上，一位印度网友提问道：印度经济会在不远的将来击败中国经济吗？这引起了各国网友的围观和热议，大部分答主认为可能性不大。
问题：印度经济会在不远的将来击败中国经济吗？
印度经济学家阿尤什•桑吉的回答
No, I never think so. Whenever I hear people say that our country will become a superpower, our economy will surpass China, or our country will become a $5 trillion or $10 trillion economy, it always makes me scoff.
不，我从不这样认为。每当我听到人们说我们的国家将成为超级大国，我们的经济将超过中国，或者我们的国家将成为5万亿或10万亿美元的经济体，这总让我嗤之以鼻。
This is not to say that I am a depressed and hateful person, gloating at the failure of my country like a painful loser. When I hear their unrealistic goals, I can’t help laughing. I know that everyone has the right to pursue any goal they want, but at least based on reality.
这并不是说我是一个沮丧、恨国的人，像一个痛苦的失败者一样对国家的失败幸灾乐祸。当听到他们这种不切实际的目标时，我会忍不住心生嘲笑。我知道每个人都有权追求他们想要的任何目标，但至少要以现实为基础。
What I see behind India’s underdevelopment is its people born like cattle and horses. A country is composed of people. Without them, it is just a piece of land.
我所看到的印度不发达背后是它生如牛马的人民，一个国家是由人组成的，没有他们，它只是一块土地。
印度人民抢兑货币
The people of a country are the source of a country’s development and prosperity, which has nothing to do with natural resources or government system, not history or geography. They have created the country and are destroying the country.
一个国家的人民是一个国家发展和繁荣的源泉，这无关自然资源，或者政府体制，不是历史，也不是地理，他们既创造了国家，也正在破坏这个国家。
Moreover, the people of a country constitute a unique culture, and its customs, traditions, morality and values are an integral part of a country’s culture. I think we all realize that there are fundamental problems in India’s social culture.
而且，一个国家的人民构成了一种独有的文化，它的习俗、传统、道德、价值观是一个国家文化的组成部分，我想我们都意识到了，印度的社会文化存在着根本性问题。
What is it? Indian culture is fragmented. Different from the cultures of other countries, it is not homogeneous, unidirectional, cohesive or even noble.
是什么呢？印度文化是支离破碎的，与其他国家的文化不同，它不是同质的，不是单向的，不是凝聚的，甚至一点也不崇高。
It is so diverse that it is broken and even opposed. It is multidirectional, heterogeneous and narrow. It is not something that is conducive to promoting fraternity, liberalism and innovation, but something that promotes differences, hatred, conservatism, chauvinism, vanity and superiority.
它如此多样以致于破碎甚至对立，它是多向的，它是异质的，它是狭隘的。它不是所谓有利于促进博爱、自由主义、创新的东西，而是宣扬差异、仇恨、保守主义、沙文主义和虚荣优越感的东西。
India has a barbaric, inhuman and absurd system based on birth race, which is called caste system.
印度有一种野蛮的、不人道的、荒谬的、基于出生人种划分的体系，称为种姓制度。
This is outright oppression. It is the dross of slave society. People’s personality and status are very different only because of their origin. It encourages hatred, destroys unity and friendship, and suppresses the sense of unity among compatriots.
这是彻头彻尾的压迫，它是奴隶社会保留至今的糟粕，只因人们的出身而不同，人格和地位就有天壤之别，它在助长仇恨，破坏团结和友谊，抑制同胞之间的团结感。
A homogeneous society will always outperform a heterogeneous society. In India, there are thousands of castes. Each caste competes with each other for its own interests. Unlike China, China has a homogeneous culture that advocates people to strive for common goals rather than working for a specific group.
一个同质的社会总是会胜过异质的社会。在印度，有成千上万的种姓，每个种姓为了自己的利益而相互竞争，而不像中国，中国有一种同质文化，提倡人们为共同的目标而奋斗，而不是为某个特定群体工作。
This tribal attitude of Indians will become India’s Achilles heel. No country can achieve meaningful prosperity when its citizens are discriminated against, isolated, prohibited from communicating with other citizens, and full of vanity superiority towards other citizens. Such a system is too fragile to translate into any strong structure.
印度人的这种部落主义态度将成为印度的致命弱点。当本国公民受到歧视、本国公民被隔离、本国公民被禁止与其他公民交往、本国公民对其他公民充满虚荣的优越感时，任何国家都无法实现有意义的繁荣。这样的体系太脆弱，无法转化为任何强大的结构。
India is so diverse that it can be compared to the Balkan countries, where the nation-state is fragmented under the weight of its own diversity.
印度是如此的多样化，以至于可以把它比作巴尔干半岛国家，那里的民族国家在自身多样性的重压下支离破碎。
Looking at what happened in Bosnia and Herzegovina, you may think I exaggerated, but I do believe that India will also Balkanize and gradually become a dangerous powder keg until a Mars detonates it.
看看波斯尼亚－黑塞哥维那发生了什么，你可能认为我夸大了，但我确实相信印度也会巴尔干化，逐步成为一个危险的火药桶，直至一个火星将它引爆。
Secondly, this is our own mentality. I don’t know what makes our national mentality so mediocre and risk averse. There are some natural mistakes in our thinking. Sometimes, I think we Indians as a whole are cowards and we are afraid of everything.
其次，这是我们自己的心态。我不知道是什么让我们的国民的心态让我们如此平庸，厌恶风险，我们的思维有一些天生的错误，有时候，我觉得我们印度人作为一个整体就是懦夫，我们什么都害怕。
英属印度殖民时期
If we were not cowards, how could a country composed of krolls be constantly conquered, humiliated, enslaved and killed by a small group of Islamic aggressors?
如果我们不是胆小鬼，一个由克罗尔人组成的国家怎么会不断被一小撮伊斯兰侵略者征服、羞辱、奴役和杀害？
If we are not cowards, how can no more than 1 million Britons rule more than 300 million Indians for more than 200 years?
如果我们不是懦夫，怎么可能不超过100万英国人能够统治超过3亿印度人超过200年？
If we are not cowards, how can you explain that we have failed to launch a revolution in 200 years to liberate ourselves from the shackles of British rule? How did the United States gain freedom? What about Filipinos? How was Vietnam independent? They fought for this country without fear of bloodshed.
如果我们不是懦夫，你如何解释我们在200年的时间里没能发动一场革命来把自己从英国统治的桎梏中解放出来？美国是如何获得自由的？菲律宾人呢？越南是如何独立的？他们不惧流血牺牲，为这个国家而战。
How did India gain independence? Don’t tell me Gandhi won freedom for India. It’s the biggest lie ever.
印度是如何获得独立的？别告诉我甘地为印度赢得了自由，这是有史以来最大的谎言。
We gained independence because Britain wanted to give us independence. Because of World War II, its comprehensive national strength fell to the bottom. India’s independence was given away by powerful countries. I know it sounds harsh and hurts self-esteem, but it’s true.
我们之所以获得了独立，是因为英国想给我们独立，因为二战，其综合国力跌落谷底。印度的独立是被强国施舍的，我知道，这听起来很刺耳、伤自尊，但这是事实。
Moreover, Indian timidity is not only that, but also permeates all aspects of our life. We don’t like adventure. We always want to take the traditional road. We don’t have the courage to create or innovate. We like to cross the road that has been gone through countless times, covet stability and let it be. In short, we like mediocrity and are lazy in the pursuit of excellence.
而且，印度人的胆怯不仅如此，还渗透到我们生活的各个方面。我们不喜欢冒险。我们总是想走传统的道路，我们没有勇气去创造或创新，我们喜欢穿越已经走过无数次的道路，贪图安稳，随遇而安。总之，我们喜欢平庸，惰于追求卓越。
If not, how can you explain the fact that no Indian has won any Nobel Prize in science since 1930.
若非如此，你如何解释1930年后没有一个印度人获得过任何诺贝尔科学奖的事实。
If not, how do you explain that India has won only 28 Olympic medals since 1900, half of which are hockey?
若非如此，你如何解释自1900年以来，印度仅仅赢得28枚奥运奖牌，其中一半是曲棍球项目？
If not, how do you explain that Indian students frequently fail in the International Mathematics Olympiad?
若非如此，你如何解释印度学生在国际数学奥林匹克竞赛频频名落孙山？
Among the 2000 world famous scientists, only 10 are from India. What’s your explanation?
在2000名世界著名科学家中，只有10名来自印度，你作何解释？
In 2019, only 6 of the 500 top universities are from India, and none of the Indian universities are among the top 300?
2019年500所顶尖大学中只有6所来自印度，而且没有一所印度大学跻身前300名？
The Internet has been born for more than 30 years, and no Indian technology company is on the Fortune 500 list?
互联网诞生已经30多年了，没有一家印度科技公司在财富五百强榜上有名？
How do you explain that there are so many it students in India, but there is no Turing Award winner from India?
你如何解释印度有这么多IT学生，却没有一个来自印度的图灵奖得主？
You want to surpass China, but do you know what their culture is. Their culture is based on elites.
你想超越中国，但你知道他们的文化是什么吗。他们的文化是基于精英的。
The Chinese believe that heaven rewards diligence. This idea is popular in most East and Southeast Asian countries, which is the reason behind their enviable high growth. They value their work. They are persistent in achieving their goals. They are always so diligent, diligent and meticulous.
中国人认为：天道酬勤，这样的思想在大多数东亚、东南亚国家盛行，这就是他们令人羡慕的高增长背后的原因。他们重视本职工作。他们为实现目标，坚持不懈，他们总是那么勤奋、勤奋和细致。
This work culture is in sharp contrast to Indian culture. In India, everyone wants to take a break. Laziness is deeply rooted in the soul of every Indian. They don’t want to make a little effort. They don’t want to go out of their comfort zone and embark on a path of blood.
这种工作文化与印度文化形成鲜明对比，在印度，每个人都想休息一会儿，懒惰在每个印度人的灵魂中根深蒂固，他们不想让自己付出一点努力，他们不想走出舒适区，踏出一条血路。
I come from Bihar, so I know more about the overall situation of India. Bihar is the epitome of our country. Rich cities such as Mumbai, Hyderabad and Bangalore can not represent the overall development level of India.
我来自比哈尔邦，因此更了解印度的整体情况，比哈尔邦是我们国家的缩影，像孟买、海得拉巴、班加罗尔这样富裕的城市代表不了印度的整体发展水平。
Everyone blames the government, but why don’t they ask themselves, “why am I so afraid of failure?”, “Why is our society so hateful and discriminatory, and when can we get rid of its narrow ideology?”, “Why do people care so much about their caste, language and religion?”, “When can we do our job well?” Why are we so lacking in innovation, creativity and creativity? “
每个人都指责政府，但为什么他们不问问自己，“为什么我如此害怕失败？”，“为什么我们的社会如此可恨和歧视，什么时候才能摆脱其狭隘的意识形态？”，“为什么人们对自己的种姓、语言、宗教如此在意？”，“什么时候我们可以做好分内工作？”为什么我们如此缺乏创新、创造力和创造力？”
One day, when our society gets rid of retrogressive forces and narrow ideology, and most importantly, cowardice and shortsightedness, India will surpass China economically.
有一天，当我们的社会摆脱了倒退的力量和狭隘的意识形态，最重要的是，摆脱了怯懦和短视，印度将在经济上超越中国。
美国商业专家塞宾的回答
China and India are the two oldest and fastest-growing civilizations in the world. After 1000 A.D., China and India accounted for a quarter and a third of world economic activities respectively.
中国和印度是世界上两个最古老的文明，也是发展最快的两个文明，公元1000年后，中国和印度分别占世界经济活动的四分之一和三分之一。
owever, by the time the industrial revolution began in the late 19th century, both India and China had lost the economic and geopolitical relevance they enjoyed in the first millennium A.D.
然而，到19世纪末工业革命开始的时候，印度和中国都已经失去了他们在公元第一个千年中所享有的经济和地缘政治相关性。
The two recessions were mainly due to the fact that China and India did not adopt the technology and innovation in the era of industrial revolution. Thanks to this, Japan and Western Europe have experienced considerable growth and progress.
这两次衰退主要是由于中国和印度没有采用工业革命时代的技术和创新，而得益于此，日本和西欧经历了长足的增长和进步。
Today, China and India have re emerged as world economic powers. Most economists believe that India and China have made a comeback because they have been more fully integrated into the global economy in the past 20-30 years.
今天，中国和印度重新崛起为世界经济强国。大多数经济学家认为，印度和中国之所以能够卷土重来，是因为两国在过去20-30年中更加全面地融入了全球经济。
During this period, they also benefit from the knowledge sharing brought by the digital connected world. China’s accession to the World Trade Organization in 2000 is regarded by many analysts as a symbol of China’s rise to global status.
在此期间，他们还受益于数字互联世界所带来的知识共享。2000年中国加入世界贸易组织被许多分析人士视为中国崛起到全球地位的象征。
The debate on “China VS India” has been going on for some time; Each country has its own unique traditions and advantages.
“中国对印度”的争论已经持续了一段时间；每个国家都有自己独特的传统和优势。
India is clearly in an advantageous position in demography. China’s society is aging and the number of young people is declining, but more than 50% of Indians are under the age of 29, but this is likely to become a burden because most of them have no skills and ability to participate in the modern economy.
印度显然在人口统计方面处于有利地位。中国社会正在老龄化，年轻人的数量正在下降，但50%以上的印度人年龄在29岁以下，可这很可能会变成一种负担，因为他们中的绝大多数人都没有技能，没有能力参与现代经济。
Every year, 12 million Indians join the workforce, but India’s employment growth is still slow. Although their expectations are getting higher and higher, and they are immersed in Hollywood films, they lack the ability to create wealth. As a result, the crime rate has soared.
每年有1200万印度人加入劳动力大军，但印度的就业增长依然缓慢。虽然他们的期望越来越高，看着好莱坞影片的纸醉金迷，沉浸其中，然而他们缺乏创造财富的能力，受此影响，犯罪率飙升。
Indian politicians and the media often boast of the advantages of the political system, but the reality is that in the past 70 years, Indians have systematically destroyed the judicial, legislative and executive institutions left by Britain.
印度政客和媒体常常自夸政治体制的优势，可现实是，在过去的70年里，印度人系统地摧毁了英国留下的司法、立法和行政机构。
印度行政机构
Today, these institutions do not operate in the public interest. Nepotism and cronyism are common.
今天，这些机构都不是为了公共利益而运作的，裙带关系，任人唯亲司空见惯。
A person will not casually go to the police station in India. There are countless police tyrannies in India. There is no need to explain the killing of innocent people due to private contradictions. Court cases may drag on for decades. Here, laws and regulations are just waste paper.
一个人不会随随便便去印度的警察局。印度警察暴政无数，因私人矛盾杀害无辜的人都不需要一句解释，法庭案件可能会拖上几十年，在这里，法规和法律只不过是废纸。
In India, nothing can be done without bribery. What’s worse, people have to grovel before civil servants in order to do relevant business.
在印度，不实施贿赂几乎办不成事。更糟糕的是，人们必须在公务员面前卑躬屈膝，自轻自贱才能办得成相关的业务。
In the past three decades, India’s economy has grown, but most of this growth can be attributed to the greatly improved contact with the western world and its technology through the new media of Internet and cheap telephone. After picking the low fruits, India still does not want to make progress and has begun to show signs of stagnation.
在过去三十年中，印度经济有所增长，但这一增长的大部分可归因于通过互联网和廉价电话这一新媒介大大改善了与西方世界及其技术的接触，印度在摘下低垂的果实之后，仍不思进取，已经开始显示出停滞的迹象。
It is not difficult to see that India can never become the next China. There is no point in having too much hope for India. Instead, it is being assimilated by neighbouring countries such as Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Myanmar or Nepal.
不难看出，印度根本不可能成为下一个中国。对印度抱有太多希望是没有意义的，相反，它正在被巴基斯坦、孟加拉国、斯里兰卡、缅甸或尼泊尔等邻国同化。
